Which type of medication is often known as "rescue inhalers"?

"Rescue inhalers" typically refer to short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs), which are medications designed for the quick relief of acute asthma symptoms or bronchospasm. These medications work by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, leading to bronchodilation, which helps relieve symptoms such as wheezing, breathlessness, and chest tightness within minutes of administration.

SABAs are strategically used on an as-needed basis during asthma attacks or when experiencing sudden symptoms, making them essential in emergency situations. In contrast, other types of medications listed, such as long-acting beta-agonists, anticholinergics, and inhaled corticosteroids, are used for maintenance therapy and preventing symptoms over a longer period, rather than providing immediate relief. Therefore, the rapid onset of action and immediate accessibility of short-acting beta-agonists is what categorizes them as "rescue inhalers."