What medication is commonly used to treat thrush?

Nystatin is a medication specifically used to treat oral thrush, which is a fungal infection caused by Candida species, typically Candida albicans. It works by binding to ergosterol, a vital component of fungal cell membranes, leading to cell death. Nystatin is particularly effective for topical fungal infections, including those in the mouth, because it is not absorbed into the bloodstream when administered orally, making it safe for treating localized infections like thrush.

Fluconazole is an antifungal that is effective against a variety of fungal infections, including systemic infections and other forms of candidiasis. However, it is usually used in cases where nystatin is ineffective or in systemic infections.

Amphotericin B is a potent antifungal used primarily for severe systemic fungal infections and is not typically indicated for localized infections such as thrush due to its potential for severe side effects and toxicity.

Clotrimazole is an antifungal agent that can be used for oral candidiasis but is less commonly prescribed than nystatin for thrush. It is often used in topical formulations for skin infections.

Overall, nystatin remains the first-line treatment for oral thrush due to its safety profile and direct effectiveness at the site of infection.